LESSON 117
Subject: One and two letters n in passive suffixes past participles and adjectives formed from verbs
Lesson type: a lesson in discovering new knowledge.
Goals as student activities.
Metasubject:
M/n: extract, process and transform information from one type to another (scheme, keywords, algorithm),
analyze, compare, reason, draw conclusions.
Subject:
4LR: recognize a new spelling, analyze the choicen Andnn in suffixes of passive past participles and
verbal adjectives, write one or two lettersn based on the algorithm, explain the choice verbally and graphically
writings.
Lesson stepsDuring the classes
Formation of UUD and assessment technology, spiritual and moral education
I. Organizational moment.
Greetings. Checking readiness for the lesson. Identification of missing persons.
II. Checking homework.
Students exchange homework assignments. Several people complete tasks at the board (it is advisable that the tasks be of different types), the rest on pieces of paper.
Students at the blackboard perform self-assessment in dialogue with the teacher.
The teacher collects sheets of completed tasks for checking.
TOUU
III. Language warm-up.
The teacher dictates combinations of words:
horse riding, sandbank, hurricane wind, straw dummy, silver medal, pocket watch, majestic mountains, young hero, rosy cheeks, deserted distance, ancient buildings, frivolous girl, art gallery, glass pipe.
– What spelling is there in all combinations?
– From what parts of speech are adjectives formed?
– Graphically indicate the conditions for choosing spellings.
– Read the words in groups: 1) with the suffix -n -; 2) with the suffix -en -(- yang -); 3) with the suffix -enne -. How many lettersn in the words of each group?
– What words did not fall into any of the groups? (Young, ruddy .) Why? (n – part of the root, not formed from nouns).
Cognitive UUD
1. Proficient in different types of listening (introductory, selective).
2. Analyze, compare, generalize, draw conclusions, build reasoning.
IV. Statement of the lesson problem.
Students conduct observations based on the textbook material: § 76, section “Determining the lesson problem.”
Reveal a contradiction in the spelling of the suffixes of the highlighted words:
with one and two lettersn , formulate the problem: in what cases
one letter is writtenn , and which ones have two lettersn in participle suffixes?
Regulatory UUD
1. Make guesses based on observations.
2. Formulate the topic and purpose of the lesson.
V. Discovery of new knowledge.
1 . Leading dialogue is used.
a) Students copy N.A. from the text. Teffi words in groups and
carry out their analysis under the guidance of the teacher (based on the questions in the textbook).
1st slide .
Two features that influence writing are identified: the type of verbs,
from which participles and verbal adjectives are formed, and
word structure (presence or absence of a prefix).
After the students' preliminary conclusions about writing one and
two lettersn on the slide, when you click the mouse, the corresponding
designations (SV above the verbs of the 1st column, NSV - above the verbs
2nd column, prefixes in participlessliced, painted ).
b) Continuation of observations.
2nd slide .
Task: compare pairs of words and complement the previously made conclusion.
(ConsoleNot does not affect the writing of one or two lettersn .)
c) Continuation of observations.
3rd slide .
Task: find similar words in each column. Express
assumptions about the difference in the spelling of one and two
lettersn in these words.
After students' answers, the words are underlined by clicking the mouse.on
grilled, charcoal, in battle , inscription at the topdependent word .
– Make a general conclusion: in what cases are two letters written in the suffixes of passive participles and verbal adjectives?n , and in which – one.
2. Ex. 620 – reading the text of the rule.
– What new information did you discover?
– Write down in the form of keywords the features that influence the choice of two lettersn .
– Name the identifying feature of the new spelling.
Present a graphical model of the spelling.(Cm.subject disk material – graphic model of the spelling “One and two letters”n in suffixes of passive past participles and adjectives formed from verbs” to § 76.)
– Are you familiar with this identifying feature? In what spellings does it appear?
– How to distinguish these spellings? What condition for choosing an orthogram is the main one for distinguishing between different types of orthograms? (From what part of speech is the word naming the attribute formed: from a noun or from a verb.)
– Present the rule as a diagram.(Cm.subject disk material – diagram of the rule for choosing one and two lettersn in suffixes of passive past participles and adjectives formed from verbs to § 76.)
3. Ex. 621 is a comic grammatical miniature that gives
generally motivating in nature.
– Find participles, explain the spelling of two letters in themn , based on one of the conditions named in this text.
Regulatory UUD
1. Look for ways to solve the problem.
2. Forecast and adjust your activities.
3. Carry out cognitive and personal reflection.
Cognitive UUD
1 . Proficient in different types of reading (introductory, studying).
2 . Extract information, transform it and transmit it in other forms (graphical model, diagram).
VI. Development of educational, language and spelling skills.
Ex. 622 – the course of reasoning when choosing a spelling is analyzed
one or two lettersn in suffixes of passive past participles and verbal adjectives.
Students independently reconstruct the 1st step of the algorithm
(remember the beginning of the stage of knowledge discovery): find the word (verb),
from which the participle (adjective) is formed.
It is done in writing in notebooks with comments.
Ex. 623 – develops the primary ability to find words with a studied spelling, explain the spelling of two lettersn in participles, based on the algorithm and one of the conditions named in ex. 621.
Performed with verbal commentary.
Ex. 624 – develops the ability to write words with a studied spelling based on an algorithm (or a rule diagram), and graphically indicate the conditions for choosing spellings.
Performed with comments in writing.
Cognitive UUD
1 . Analyze, compare, group, draw conclusions.
2. Possess the skills of selecting and systematizing material.
3. Convert information from one form to another (text (rule) into an algorithm).
Communicative UUD
1. Express and justify your point of view.
2. Listen and hear others, be ready to adjust your point of view.
VII. Lesson summary.
– Read a couple of words. Determine in which pair the given pattern does not work. Explain why.
painted - painted
washed - washed
tossed - thrown
ironed – ironed
The teacher assigns grades for specific types of work to individual students based on their self-assessment.
Regulatory UUD
1. Correlate the goals and results of your activities.
2. Develop evaluation criteria and determine the degree of success of the work.
TOUU
VIII. Homework.
1. Reproduce the rule based on the diagram.
2. Ex. 627.
Spelling Н and НН in participles and verbal adjectives
Choice nn or n often depends on what part of speech the verb is: a participle or an adjective. And vice versa, if we know how many n in a verbal word ( nn or n), you can determine what part of speech it is.
Thus, it makes sense to learn the following two points (this is the basic rule):
1. In passive suffixes participles past tense is written nn ; as a rule, these participles carry with them
2. In the absence of prefixes or explanatory words, adjectives, in which is written n : right n oh text, beshe n oh wolf, vyale n oh vobla, smoother n gold trousers n y products, scrap n th line, puta n y answer, riva n oh wound, sowing n y herbs, washing n oh underwear and so on.
behind more powerful nn y roads (participle) - powerful nn s cobblestone roads (participle) - power n ed roads (adjective).
1. Distinguishing between passive participles and adjectives derived from them(thereby clarifying the issue of writing nn — n ) is sometimes produced not according to the rule, but according to the meaning.
For example, in the sentence Beingwounded , the soldier remained in service word wounded written with nn , despite the absence of a prefix and explanatory words: it retains its verbal meaning, indicates not a permanent attribute-quality, but a temporary state, i.e. is a participle, not an adjective; Verbal adjectives do not denote actions and answer the questions: how? which? which? which?
The question in the sentence is solved similarly: The same thin women carried basins outside, washed clothes, talked and then hung them up. washed (M. Shahinyan).
On the contrary, in combinations ironed and re-ironed trousers, a patched and re-patched fur coat, a worn and worn suit, washed and rewashed linen, a shot and shot sparrow, darned and darned stockings and so on. in the second part of complex words, despite the presence of a prefix re- , it is advisable to write one n , since the compound word as a whole has the meaning of an adjective (high degree of quality), and not the meaning of “adjective plus participle”.
Note 1. When a participle changes into an adjective, the lexical meaning of the word may change, for example: twirling guy(windy, frivolous) a goner(no longer capable of anything else), written beauty(beautiful, like in a picture) Forgiveness Sunday(last Sunday before Lent).
Note 2. The presence of a prefix does not affect the writing of verbal adjectives -Not , For example: untrodden, untrodden, uninvited, uninvited, unmown, unpainted, unbaptized, unwritten(law), unafraid.
Note 3. The spelling of verbal adjectives also does not change as part of compound words, for example: plain-dyed, hot-rolled, cold-rolled, whole-rolled, whole-cut, homespun, variegated, gold-woven, gold-forged, little-trodden, little-trodden, little-worn, lightly salted, finely crushed, freshly slaked, freshly frozen etc. (compare with the same terms in which the second part of a compound word is formed from a prefixed verb: plain-colored, lightly-trodden, fresh frozen and etc.).
Note 4. Two n written in prefixless participles formed from perfective verbs ( abandoned, given, bought, deprived, captured etc.), and in a few participles formed from imperfective verbs ( seen, seen, heard, read and etc.).
2. WITH nn Words with prefixes are written, even if they have the meaning of an adjective, for example: aged wine, cash on delivery, used books, worn dress, quick pace.
Exceptions: sworn brother, imprisoned father, smart boy.
3. WITH nn adjectives of verbal origin are written in -ovanny, -ovanny , For example: spoiled child, risky project, uprooted area.Exceptions: in adjectives forged And chewed combinations -ov- And -ev- are part of the root, not the suffix.
Note. In nouns formed from passive participles and verbal adjectives, it is written nn or n in accordance with the producing basis, for example:
A) dowerless, pupil, chosen one, priest, protege, drowned;
b) dumplings, smoked meats, ice cream, martyr, worker, student.
The same applies to derived adverbs, for example: smile artificially, appear unexpectedly, answer confusedly.
4. In short passive participles, unlike complete ones, one is written n , in short verbal adjectives(as in denominatives) the spelling is preserved nn . Wed:
The world community was excited message about Nazi atrocities. — The actor's performance was heartfelt and excited
(verbal adjectives answer the questions: k a k o v?
how about? k a k o v o? where are you?).
During the period of palace coups in Russia, many favorites were close to the court and exalted . — The ideals and aspirations of the revolutionaries were sublime .
This girl brought up at the boarding school. — This girl's manners indicate that she is intelligent and well-mannered .
Sometimes simple questions are artificial confused . — The plots of these works are complex and confused .
You are always lucky, you seem to spoiled fate. — If brought up incorrectly, children are usually capricious and spoiled .
From a logical point of view, these conclusions are little or even completely not justified . — The demands placed on us are arbitrary and unreasonable .
The scale of the work was limited released funds. — Its capabilities limited (i.e. small).
The doctors were concerned the patient's condition. — The storm intensified, and the faces of the sailors were serious and preoccupied .
The court did not find any corpus delicti in this case, and the accused were acquitted . — Emergency measures in these conditions were necessary and completely justified .
All options for further play by a chess player to the end thought out . — The students' answers were informative and thoughtful .
Note 1. Some verbal adjectives are written in full form with nn , and in short - with one n , similar to participles, with which they are similar by the presence of a prefix and the meaning of the form, for example: tear-stained eyes - tear-stained eyes, rusty knives - rusty knives, worn-out dress - worn-out dress.
The same goes for complex words, for example: generally recognized superiority - superiority is generally recognized, fresh frozen berries - fresh frozen berries.
Note 2. Some adjectives can be spelled twice in their short form, depending on the meaning and construction. Wed:
Sister intends leave soon(“has the intention” - in combination with the infinitive). — His audacity intentional (“narochita” - without an infinitive).
We betrayed Homeland(in combination with an object in the dative case). — Old friends are always loyal (no addition).
Our athletes sure in victory(with addition). — The movements of the gymnasts are easy and confident (no addition).
Exercise on the topic “Spelling Н and НН in participles and verbal adjectives”(from the manual by L.V. Balashova, V.V. Dementiev “Russian Language Course”)
Exercise:
Insert, where necessary, the missing vowels and Н or НН in the suffixes of participles and verbal words.
Spelling participles includes several types of rules:
1) spelling of endings of participles;
2) spelling of vowels in participle suffixes;
3) spelling nn and n in participles (and in verbal adjectives).
Since the spelling of NN and N in verbal adjectives is similar to the spelling of NN and N in participles, these rules are discussed in one paragraph. For the same reason, this paragraph also discusses the rules for spelling nn and n in nouns and adverbs formed from participles and verbal adjectives.
1. Spelling of participle endings:
Participles have the same endings as adjectives. Therefore, the spelling of vowels at the endings of participles, like adjectives, is checked by questions.
Wed: V[which ?] stormy sea; V[which?] stormy sea; With[what?] stormy sea.
2. Spelling of vowels in participle suffixes:
A) present time depends on the conjugation of the verb from which the participle is formed:
V active participles present tense: -ush-(-yush-) - I conjugation; -ash-(-box-) - II conjugation. These vowels coincide with the vowels of the personal endings of cognate verbs in the 3rd person plural form;
Wed: I decide t(I reference) - decisive; building t(II reference) - building.
Note!
In a word future(by origin - participle) the suffix -yush- is added to the stem will-, therefore, before the suffix you should not write an extra vowel yu (!).
V passive participles present tense: -om-(-em-) - I conjugation; -im- - II conjugation. These vowels coincide with the vowels of the personal endings of cognate verbs in the 3rd person singular form.
Wed: decide t(I reference) - solvable; build t(II reference) - under construction.
b) spelling vowels in participles past tense depends not on the conjugation, but on the final vowel of the infinitive (past tense) of the verb from which the participle is formed:
Glue - glued, melted - melted.
V passive participles before the suffix -nn- (-n-) the following is written:
vowels a, i, e, if the stem of the verb ends in a, i, e;
hang - hung; sow - sown, see - seen.
vowels e, е, if the stem of the verb ends in and (the verb suffix -i- is truncated) or with a consonant.
Wed: hang - hanged; build - built, sweep - swept, shoot - shot.
3. Spelling n and nn in full participles and full verbal adjectives:
A) N is written in full participles and verbal adjectives:
if they do not have prefixes, dependent words, combinations of suffixes -ovanne-, -evann- and if they are formed from an imperfective verb;
Paint[what to do?] - painted floor; mow[what to do?] - mown meadow, write[what to do?] - painted portrait.
in a substantivized verbal adjective: dowry (of the bride).
b) NN is written in full participles and verbal adjectives:
From mowing - from a mown meadow, from writing - from a painted portrait.
The prefix ne- does not affect the spelling of n and nn;
Wed: unmown meadow - unmown clover; unpainted floor - unpainted floor.
Cochin[When?] last Friday meadow; painted[When?] last Friday floor; written[how?] oil paints portrait.
if the participle and verbal adjective are formed from a perfective verb (regardless of whether there are prefixes and dependent words);
Wed: decide[what to do?] - solved problem; quit[what to do?] - abandoned mine.
if participles and verbal adjectives end in -ovanny, -ovanny, and -ova-, -eva- are part of the verbal suffix.
Wed: pamper - spoiled, arrest - arrested, uproot - uprooted.
Exceptions: forged, chewed(-ov- is part of the root: cov-, chew-);
V exceptions(in some prefixless verbal adjectives or adjectives with the prefix non-): given, done, slow, sacred, desired, cutesy, arrogant, chased, pecked, desperate, cursed, unprecedented, unheard of, unexpected, unexpected, unexpected, awake.
Note!
1) When forming a participle (verbal adjective) from a two-type verb to wound without a prefix and a dependent word, as a general rule, one letter n is written; if there is a prefix or dependent word - nn.
Wed: wounded soldier - a wounded soldier, a soldier wounded in the arm.
2) In complex words, where the second part is a verbal adjective, general rules apply. The presence of the first root does not matter: if there is no prefix before the second root, then one letter n is written, if there is a prefix before the second root, then nn is written.
Wed: freeze - freshly frozen fish; freeze - freshly frozen fish.
3) The words forged and chewed obey the general rules of writing n and nn: without a prefix or dependent word, one is written n, with a prefix or dependent words - nn.
Wed: forged chest, shod horse, shod on all four legs horse.
4) Do not confuse the main word for the participle (verbal adjective) and the words dependent on the participle (adjective)! The main thing for a participle (adjective) is the word from which the question is asked to this participle: horse[which?] forged; horse[which?] savvy. The presence or absence of the main word does not affect the spelling of n and nn! For the dependent word, the participle is already the main one and it is from the participle that the question is asked: horse, shod[by whom?] a blacksmith. The presence or absence of a dependent word at the participle affects the spelling of n and nn!
5) One letter n is written in combinations imprisoned father, named brother only if they are phraseological units. Outside of such combinations of participles with prefixes, planted, named are written with two letters n.
Wed: It was planted by my father at my wedding. - The father, seated to the left of the groom, was gloomy; You will be called my brother. - Sergei, named after his grandfather, was proud of this.
6) The spelling n and n in participles and verbal adjectives, unlike adjectives formed from nouns, does not depend on the front vowel n, cf.:
adjectives formed from nouns: silver - solemn;
verbal adjectives and participles: written - written, wounded - wounded.
7) For memorization words that contain one letter n, you can use the following sentence:
On a windy day at Maslenitsa, in a cozy living room, the sedentary father introduced his named brother to a smart girl, a hard worker, a real beauty with a large dowry.
4. Spelling n and nn in short participles and adjectives:
A) in short participles one letter n is always written;
Wed: tied knot - the knot is tied; styled hair - hair is styled.
b) in short adjectives The same number of letters n are written as in the full forms.
Wed: valuable thing - a thing is valuable; green crops - green crops.
Note!
In order to differentiate between a short participle and an adjective, the following must be taken into account:
1) If the short form is not formed from a verb, then it is, of course, a short adjective (and it will contain as much as in the full form):
sultry - sultry; worthy - worthy; valuable - valuable.
2) The short verbal form can be either a short participle or a short adjective.
A) The short verbal form would be communion(and it will contain one letter n) if:
the house was built by workers; the tour is organized by a well-known company; the child is spoiled by his parents;
she intends to go to university; she's well-mannered[Where?] in the monastery;
Wed: the child is scared - the child was scared; she was raised in a monastery - she was raised in a monastery;
b) the short verbal form would be adjective(and it will contain the same number of letters n as in the full form), if it has a qualitative meaning, it gives a constant (qualitative) characteristic of a person or an inanimate object.
Wed: children are capricious and spoiled(this is their constant quality); the girl is modest and well-mannered (this is her constant quality).
5. Spelling n and nn in nouns and adverbs starting with -o, formed from participles and verbal adjectives:
A) in nouns and adverbs starting with -o, formed from participles and verbal adjectives, as many letters n are written as there are in full participles and verbal adjectives, cf.:
ONE letter N: confused y → confused ik, confused about; boiled → boiled ik; smoked → smoked awn; ice cream y → ice cream oe; martyred → martyred; scientist → scientist, scientist;
TWO letters H: given → given; dowry → dowerless; chosen → chosen one, chosen one; recessed → recessed; sacred → sacred; done → done about;
b) should remember noun spelling: toiler, dowry - dowryless, assigned.
Recognition algorithm " N or NN write in words" presupposes the ability to determine:
In nouns, adverbs and compound adjectives, write as much N, how much is in the original word. First, find the generating word, then work according to the algorithm: dumpling - boiled - cook (non-sov. species); confused (reply) - confused — confuse (non-sov. species); confused (to think) - confused - to confuse (owl. species), freshly frozen - ice cream - to freeze (non-owl. species), non-frozen - ice cream - (not) to freeze (non-owl. species).
Remember: you need to find the closest adjective or participle in meaning.
Don't skip a step - don't form a noun or adverb directly from a verb or noun: oil worker derived from oil (oil industry worker), but oil already from oil . According to the laws of word formation, all adverbs in -ABOUT derived from adjectives ( reserved - restrained and so on.)
The most difficult thing is to distinguish between N and NN in full forms adjectives and participles. Here the distinction between adjectives and participles is not important: the sequence of actions and the result are the same for both.
The short form is most common among passive past participles (abandoned - abandoned, abandoned, abandoned) and for adjectives (cheerful - cheerful, cheerful, cheerful).
The spelling of N and NN in participles and adjectives is quite clear and concise:
Therefore, it is only important to accurately determine what part of speech - adjective or participle - is the word .
Seeing a word with a final -ABOUT, first check if adverb is it (an adverb refers to a verb and answers the question How? ). If yes, write as much N, how many are in full shape. If not, then see if it is a short participle or a short adjective.
Sample. He acted rashly..o - How did you act? thoughtlessly..o , This adverb(in a sentence is a circumstance), therefore, I define the generating word - thoughtful (from a perfective verb). Writing: thoughtlessly .
